Email. His son Henry Cavendish (17311810) was an influential scientist noted for his discovery of hydrogen. The Kppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Cfb" (Marine West Coast Climate/Oceanic climate). On New Year's Day 1877 the landward half was swept away in a storm. [45], Eastbourne Local History Society was founded in 1970. With a population of more than 100,000 people, Eastbourne has been a fast-growing town in the past few years, relative to the rest of the UK. Today the Gildredge name lives on in the eponymous park. With the arrival of the railway, the town's growth accelerated. Augustus Clifford, illegitimate son by the fifth Duke and his mistress and later second wife Elizabeth Hervey, was a naval commander and was created a baronet in 1838 (see Clifford baronets). [citation needed]. [116] Previously a women only tournament, in 2009 the Lawn Tennis Association merged it with the men only event the Nottingham Open. Princes Park lake is also home to Eastbourne Model Powerboat Club[113] and Eastbourne Model Yacht Club. The fifth Duke and Duchess of Devonshire are portrayed in the 2008 film The Duchess directed by Saul Dibb. The resulting mix of architecture is typically Victorian and remains a key feature of Eastbourne. This compared unfavourably with the South East overall, where GVA was 40,460 per employee per year. Eastbourne's reputation for health, enhanced by bracing air and sea breezes contributed to the establishment of many independent schools in the 19th century and in 1871,[140] the year which saw the arrival of Queenwood Ladies College, the town was just beginning a period of growth and prosperity. [64], The council operates out of Eastbourne Town Hall which was designed by W. Tadman Foulkes, and built between 1884 and 1886 under supervision of Henry Currey, the Duke of Devonshire's architect. The Strict Baptist Chapel in Grove Road is an interesting building, despite its rather grim street frontage. [12] Motcombe Gardens are overlooked by St. Mary's Church, a Norman church which allegedly lies on the site of a Saxon 'moot', or meeting place. Other theatre venues in the town include the volunteer-run Underground Theatre, in the basement of the town's Central Library,[97] and the Lamb Theatre, based at the Lamb Inn in Old Town, which was launched in August 2009 but reinstated an older tradition at the pub.[98]. play in the Conference South. Although the Cavendish family estates are centred in Derbyshire, they hold the titles of "Duke of Devonshire" and their subsidiary title of earldom of Devonshire (neither peerage is related to the ancient title of Earl of Devon). Henry Allingham, briefly the world's oldest man when he died in 2009, aged 113, was a resident. Devonshire Hotels & Restaurants Group We are a collection of hotels, inns, boltholes and restaurants owned by the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire, offering breath-taking locations to rest, eat, marry and . Theresa May, a former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, was born in the town.[198]. The current President of the Society is William Cavendish, Earl of Burlington. 3 (Jewish) Troop of the No. This (now the senior) branch of the Cavendish family has been one of the wealthiest British aristocratic families since the 16th century and has been rivalled in political influence perhaps only by the Marquesses of Salisbury and the Earls of Derby. On his early death in 1628 the titles passed to his son, William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire, who also served as Lord-Lieutenant of Derbyshire. Between 1805 and 1807, a fortress known as the Eastbourne Redoubt was built as a barracks and storage depot, and armed with 10cannons.[25]. Beachy Head and the Seven Sisters were used as backdrops for scenes from the Quidditch World Cup in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. A connection with India comes in the shape of the 18th-century Lushington monument, also at StMary's, which commemorates a survivor of the Black Hole of Calcutta atrocity which led to the British conquest of Bengal. [31] Units of the very secretive and highly effective No. [132] The structure may need to be moved again to safeguard it from cliff erosion. [22], Eastbourne's earliest claim as a seaside resort came about following a summer holiday visit by four of King George III's children in 1780 (Princes Edward and Octavius and Princesses Elizabeth and Sophia). [86] An annual raft competition used to take place where competitors, usually local businesses, circumnavigate the pier in a raft made by themselves, while being attacked by a water-cannon. miss universe from canada. Cavendish enlarged the estate and in 1858 it passed to the seventh Duke and so joined with the other extensive lands of the family. Regional radio stations, Heart Sussex, (previously Southern FM) has, since mid 2019, been networked from London and no longer has a Sussex base, which was previously in Portslade and BBC Radio Sussex which broadcasts from Brighton. It became a private residence, but was severely damaged in the Second World War by Canadian artillery. The largest and newest park is Shinewater Park, located on the west side of Langney and opened in 2002. All temperature figures relate to the period 1960 onwards. hayfield secondary school address. The Catholic Church of Our Lady of Ransom is a generously proportioned building with a tall Gothic interior. )[27], Richard Trevithick, the inventor of the steam locomotive, is reported to have spent some time here.[28]. Spider Stacy, member of The Pogues, was born in Eastbourne in 1958. After being located for many years in Eastbourne Manor House, within Gildredge Park, it relocated next to the Congress Theatre in 2009. The Hon. [183], Musician Robin Romei is a resident of Eastbourne, and has written a song named after the town. May 24, 2022. It is a separate title from that of Earl of Devon, which still belongs to the Courtenay family. [75], Unemployment in Eastbourne was below the national average in 2013 figures, at 4.1% compared to 4.4% for England and Wales. [131] In 1956, it was rebuilt as a house and remains a dwelling to this day. His eldest son, the third Duke, served as Lord Privy Seal, as Lord Steward of the Household and (from 1737 to 1745) as Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. Devonshire married Charlotte Boyle, 6th Baroness Clifford, daughter of the famous architect Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington (on whose death in 1753 the earldom of Burlington became extinct). Andrew Robert Buxton Cavendish, 11th Duke of Devonshire, KG, MC, PC, DL (2 January 1920 - 3 May 2004), styled Lord Andrew Cavendish until 1944 and Marquess of Hartington from 1944 to 1950, was a British Conservative and later Social Democratic Party politician. [9] Evidence of Eastbourne's medieval past can seen in the 12th-century Church of St Mary,[17] and the manor house called Bourne Place. Eastbourne is also served by Eastbourne Scoop,[103] a weekly online-only media publication. 3 (Jewish) Troop of the No. [82], In 2016, UK innovation charity NESTA named Eastbourne as a "creative cluster", with 969 creative firms representing 9.1% of total businesses in the town and providing employment for 2,703 people. He was a minister in the government of Prime Minister Harold Macmillan (his uncle by marriage), but is best known for opening . Gardners Books are one of the town's largest employers, with a majority of staff involved in packing and shipping books.[88]. Henry Frederick Compton Cavendish, third son of the first Earl of Burlington, was a general in the Army. [165] Eastbourne Buses had been formed in 1903 by the County Borough of Eastbourne, who were the first local authority in the world authorised to run motor buses. [6] He served as Chief Justice of the King's Bench from 1372 to 1381, and was killed in the Peasants' Revolt in 1381. [citation needed]. Kingsway changed names to become Integrity Music and moved to Brighton in 2019. They were champions in 2000. [20], The Gilbert family's holdings date to the late 17th and early 18th centuries when barrister Nicholas Gilbert married an Eversfield and Gildredge heiress. Cavendish appointed architect Henry Currey to design a street plan for the town, but not before sending him to Europe to draw inspiration. The Devonshire Park Theatre is a fine example of a Victorian theatre with ornate interior decorations, and plays host to touring dramas and comedies and an annual local pantomime. Our seaside pub is the perfect place to unwind after a visit to the Arndale shopping centre or Eastbourne pier. This gives Motcombe its name. This manor house is currently owned by the Duke of Devonshire and was extensively remodelled in the early Georgian era when it was renamed Compton Place. The seafront consists largely of Victorian hotels, a pier, theatre, contemporary art gallery and a Napoleonic era fort and military museum. A 1,000-seater theatre, bar, camera obscura and office suite replaced this in 1899/1901. [71], The average age of residents has dropped in recent years as younger people move into the town and young family households have started to balance retirement communities. [58] Eastbourne's coastal location also means it tends to be milder than most areas, particularly during night. The traditional burial place of the Dukes of Devonshire is at St Peter's Church, Edensor, in the closest village to Chatsworth House. Eastbourne Fire Station is in Whitley Road,[147] and the town's police station is in Grove Road. The Eastbourne Corporation purchased the undertaking on 1 January 1900 and the original Electricity Works was closed down in July 1902.[90]. Eastbourne has an RNLI lifeboat station. [189], Polar explorer Lawrence Oates attended South Lynn School in Mill Gap Road. Anglicanesimo. [19], Eastbourne has Cornish connections[clarification needed], most notably visible in the Cornish high cross in the churchyard of St Mary's Church which was brought from an unspecified location in Cornwall. The latter project (South Cliff Tower) was realised in 1965 despite a storm of protest led by the newly formed Eastbourne and District Preservation Committee, which later became Eastbourne Civic Society, and was renamed the Eastbourne Society in 1999. "[14], Following the Norman conquest, the Hundred of what is now Eastbourne, was held by Robert, Count of Mortain, William the Conqueror's half brother. The town area is built on geologically recent alluvial drift, the result of the silting up of a bay. In 1954 the station generated 2,652 MWh of electricity and burned 3,500 tons of coal. Former students at the closed St Cyprian's School include George Orwell, Alaric Jacob, E. H. W. Meyerstein and Alan Hyman. According to Scotland Yard's archives, he is thought to have killed up to 163 patients in the Eastbourne area.[40]. As he was unmarried the title passed to his cousin, William Cavendish, 2nd Earl of Burlington of the 2nd creation. He was the eldest son of Lord Edward Cavendish, third son of the seventh Duke. Anne. PUB FOOD AT The Duke Of Devonshire GREAT FOR ANY OCCASION Whether you're in the mood for a pint and something tasty with mates for lunch, catching up over small plates after work, or craving a weekend food fest, we've got you covered. 'East' was added to 'Borne' in the 13th century, renaming the town.[12]. Lord Edward Cavendish, fourth and youngest son of the seventh Duke, sat as Member of Parliament for several constituencies. SHARE. Ed Balls, former MP Morley and Outwood and BBC Strictly Come Dancing contestant, married Yvette Cooper, MP for Normanton, Pontefract and Castleford in Eastbourne in January 1998. Lord Charles Cavendish (17041783), second son of the second Duke, was a politician and scientist. Deborah Mitford, the youngest of the famous Mitford sisters. The Eastbourne Downs include Beachy Head cliff, to the west of the town, a famous beauty spot and an infamous suicide spot. [18] The chalk can be clearly seen along the eroded coastline to the west of the town, in the area known as Beachy Head and the Seven Sisters, where continuous erosion keeps the cliff edge vertical and white. The nearby Pier Hotel was also evacuated. [77] Development around Eastbourne's Sovereign Harbour, Britain's largest composite marina, has created more than 3,000 new homes and an innovation centre for small businesses. [201], Military figures who had been students at St Cyprian's include: General Sir Lashmer Whistler; Major General Henry Foote VC; the submarine commander Rupert Lonsdale. Simeone, N. 'Debussy and expression', in Trezise, S. He was a strong supporter of the Glorious Revolution of 1688 and later served under William III and Mary II as Lord Steward of the Household. FRMetS", "Theresa May: A self-proclaimed 'bloody difficult woman', The Confessions of Aleister Crowley: An Autohagiography, Engels in Eastbourne - Commemorating the life, work and legacy of Friedrich Engels in Eastbourne, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastbourne&oldid=1132989579, Non-metropolitan districts of East Sussex, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2021, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2016, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2019, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from September 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2022, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Pages using Sister project links with default search, Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Source 2: Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute/KNMI, This page was last edited on 11 January 2023, at 18:23. [3], As a seaside resort, Eastbourne derives a large and increasing income from tourism, with revenue from traditional seaside attractions augmented by conferences, public events and cultural sightseeing. The Duke of Devonshire owned more than 1,000 acres in Eastbourne and led some of the major developments in the town during the past four decades. A charter for a weekly market was granted to Bartholomew de Badlesmere in 131516; this increased his status as Lord of the Manor and benefited local industry. As of 2014, the maternity unit of the hospital has been permanently transferred to the Conquest Hospital, Hastings after years of campaigning to save the unit. There was a rarely used triangular junction between Polegate and the now-closed Stone Cross which allowed trains to bypass the Branch; the track has now been lifted. Aleister Crowley, occultist and mystic attended Eastbourne College and later edited a chess column for the Eastbourne Gazette. The venue will host the 2023 Turner Prize.[94]. His elder son, the tenth Duke, also a Conservative politician, served as Under-Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs, as Under-Secretary of State for India and Burma and as Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies. The original name came from the 'Burne' or stream which ran through today's Old Town area of Eastbourne. With the fall of France in June 1940, and the risk of invasion, most left the majority never to return. An exhibition about the history of the camp was held in Eastbourne for several months in 2015.[30]. [202], This article is about the town in East Sussex. An early plan, for a town named Burlington, was abandoned, but on 14 May 1849 the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway arrived to scenes of great jubilation. Duke of Devonshire, Eastbourne: See 400 unbiased reviews of Duke of Devonshire, rated 3.5 of 5 on Tripadvisor and ranked #148 of 403 restaurants in Eastbourne. Devonshire was therefore succeeded by his second and only surviving son, the eleventh Duke. Which family owns Chatsworth House? He was succeeded by his eldest son, William Cavendish, 2nd Earl of Devonshire, who served as Lord-Lieutenant of Derbyshire and was a patron of the philosopher Thomas Hobbes (15881679). [152] One of the windows commemorates the exiled Polish-Lithuanian nobleman, Prince Lev Sapieha, who lived in the town,[153] and there is much other artwork in the building. Facebook. Springwater Festival, created in 2021 and hosting a range of events to celebrate all aspects of water along Eastbourne seafront. A new boat named Diamond Jubilee was launched in 2012 by the Earl and Countess of Wessex. Eastbourne (/istbrn/ (listen)) is a town and seaside resort in East Sussex, on the south coast of England, 19 miles (31km) east of Brighton and 54 miles (87km) south of London. [144][145] An earlier hospital, StMary's, opened on Vicarage Road in 1877 as the infirmary to the local workhouse; it was demolished in 1990. These include the Chatsworth Estate in Derbyshire, Bolton Abbey in Yorkshire, The Compton Estate in Eastbourne and Lismore Castle in Ireland. The facility was dismantled in 1920. Other brief appearances were made in the television series Agatha Christie's Marple, The Two Ronnies, French and Saunders and Foyle's War. Organised by Eastbournes Bonfire Society since 2016 and celebrating retro-futuristic technology and aesthetics. The Second World War saw a change in fortunes. Devonshire was succeeded by his eldest son, William Cavendish, who became the fifth Duke of Devonshire. After the war, development continued, including the growth of Old Town up the hillside (Green Street Farm Estate) and the housing estates of Hampden Park, Willingdon Trees and Langney. His immediate family are owner-occupiers of Chatsworth House and are worth an estimated 800 million.Peregrine Cavendish, 12th Duke of Devonshire. [5] (See British peerage ranks). The elderly female residents of Eastbourne were the inspiration for the song "Eastbourne Ladies" by English singer Kevin Coyne, which appeared on his 1973 album Marjory Razorblade. In 1907 the Duke owned 192,322 acres across the British Isles, principally in Derbyshire, Yorkshire, County Cork and County Waterford.[10]. Duke of Devonshire, Eastbourne: See 432 unbiased reviews of Duke of Devonshire, rated 4 of 5 on Tripadvisor and ranked #127 of 408 restaurants in Eastbourne. Known as the "Bachelor Duke", he never married and on his death in 1858 the barony of Clifford fell into abeyance between his sisters. His views were of considerable benefit to the south coast and, in due course, Eastbourne became known as "the Empress of Watering Places". [38] Ultimately, 187 civilian people died in the borough through enemy action. In 201619 extensive remodelling work was undertaken to the prominent Arndale Centre, which takes up most of the town centre, and was originally built by Legal & General Assurance in the 1980s. [91] Upon nationalisation of the electricity industry in 1948 ownership of the station passed to the British Electricity Authority and then to the Central Electricity Generating Board. [102] His wife Lady Frederick (Lucy) Cavendish was a pioneer of women's education. Indeed, it is thought to be the busiest in the country. The chalk contains many fossils such as ammonites and nautilus. The Hon. The United Reformed Church in Upperton Road has tall rogue Gothic windows set in red brick walls. [83], The seafront at Eastbourne consists almost entirely of Victorian hotels. Charles Arthur Francis. Limited numbers of additional buses are run by the Cuckmere Buses, and a regular National Express coach service operates daily from London's Victoria Coach Station. having the blessing of Andrew Cavendish, the present Duke of Devonshire [the 11th Duke] and President of the College Council. It is believed that the minting of these coins may have led to thelberht's beheading by Offa of Mercia, as it had been struck as a sign of independence. [20][21], In 1752, a dissertation by Richard Russell extolled the medicinal benefits of the seaside. It opened in 1954 but ceased operation in 1970, relocating to Seaton in Devon after the owners had fallen out with the council;[170] it is now the Seaton Tramway. The car is the most used form of transport in the town, with only 6% of journeys taken by bus; the local council transport plan aims to reduce the amount of car usage. In the 1880s, at their greatest extent, the Sussex estates of the Cavendish family amounted to some 11,000 acres. The family had acquired lands in Sussex through the marriage in 1782 of Lord George Augustus Henry Cavendish, second son of the Duke of Devonshire, to Lady Elizabeth Compton, daughter and heiress of the Marquess of Northampton. The film is based on Amanda Foreman's biography of the scandalous 18th-century English aristocrat Georgiana Cavendish, Duchess of Devonshire (portrayed by Keira Knightley) and her relationship with the Duke (Ralph Fiennes) and his next wife, Lady Elizabeth Foster. The Grade II listed Royal Hippodrome Theatre used to be council-owned, but is now run by an independent charitable trust. [164] Bus services within Eastbourne have been provided by Stagecoach Group under the name Stagecoach in Eastbourne since November 2008, when the company acquired Eastbourne Buses, a service run by the local council, and subsequently the independent company Cavendish Motor Services. Devonshire Park, home to the pre-Wimbledon ladies tennis championships, is located just off the seafront in the towns cultural district. Let us know. It's named after the man who turned the town into a holiday resort in the early 20th century. [117], Eastbourne has three senior football clubs: Eastbourne Borough F.C. The family seats are Chatsworth House, Bolton Abbey in Yorkshire, and Lismore Castle in Co Waterford, in the Republic of Ireland. [10] Her ancestors came from below the Saharan region, at a time when the Roman Empire extended only as far as North Africa. It was rebuilt at a higher level, creating a drop towards the end of the pier. Eastbourne has three council-owned theatres: the Grade II* listed[95] Congress Theatre, the Grade II listed Devonshire Park Theatre and the Grade II listed Winter Garden. The water board's successors still own the site, and there is a pumping station but little evidence of the hamlet itself, as by now even most of the foundations of the cottages have gone over the cliff. He was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Duke, who held political office as Lord President of the Council and Lord Privy Seal and was also Lord-Lieutenant of Devonshire. In a 1998 survey, 56% of visitors said that the beach and seafront was one of Eastbourne's best features, although 10% listed the pebbled beach as a dislike.[85]. The Gilberts eventually made the Gildredge Manor House their own. It was the largest of this type in the UK during this war, treating 150,000; 80% were able to return to fight. Other recreation facilities include two swimming pools, three fitness centres and other smaller sports clubs including scuba diving. Central government paid Eastbourne Borough Council 2m in one-off funding, to compensate for lost income to the town from the temporary loss of the attraction. In the 1990s, both growth and controversy accelerated rapidly as a new plan was launched to develop the area known as the Crumbles, a shingle bank on the coast to the east of the town centre. Duke of Devonshire is a title in the Peerage of England held by members of the Cavendish family. [140] By 1896, Gowland's Eastbourne Directory listed 76private schools for boys and girls. In John Buchan's novel The Three Hostages (1924), 'the late Duke of Devonshire' is cited as an epitome of Englishness. This gallery incorporated a permanent exhibition of local art and historical items, plus temporary art exhibitions of regional and national significance. Before sending him to Europe to draw inspiration peerage ranks ) Duke of Devonshire the... 187 civilian people died in the peerage of England held by members of College! 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